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用java写个小游戏

news 2026/6/10 21:38:56

下面用 Java 编写一个经典的 “贪吃蛇”小游戏，基于 Swing 图形界面，逻辑清晰、易于理解，适合入门学习。

贪吃蛇游戏代码（完整可运行）

import javax.swing.;
import java.awt.;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.Random;

// 主游戏窗口
public class SnakeGame extends JFrame implements KeyListener, ActionListener {
// 游戏参数（可调整）
private final int GRID_SIZE = 20; // 格子大小（像素）
private final int GRID_COUNT = 20; // 网格行列数（20x20）
private final int SPEED = 150; // 游戏速度（毫秒/帧，值越小越快）

// 蛇的属性
private int[] snakeX = new int[GRID_COUNT * GRID_COUNT]; // 蛇身X坐标
private int[] snakeY = new int[GRID_COUNT * GRID_COUNT]; // 蛇身Y坐标
private int snakeLength = 3; // 初始蛇长
private String direction = "RIGHT"; // 初始方向（上UP/下DOWN/左LEFT/右RIGHT）// 食物属性
private int foodX;
private int foodY;
private Random random = new Random();// 游戏状态
private boolean isRunning = true;
private Timer timer;// 构造方法：初始化窗口和游戏
public SnakeGame() {// 窗口设置setTitle("Java 贪吃蛇");setSize(GRID_SIZE * GRID_COUNT, GRID_SIZE * GRID_COUNT);setLocationRelativeTo(null); // 窗口居中setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);setResizable(false); // 禁止缩放// 添加键盘监听（控制方向）addKeyListener(this);// 初始化蛇的初始位置（屏幕中间）snakeX[0] = GRID_COUNT / 2 * GRID_SIZE;snakeY[0] = GRID_COUNT / 2 * GRID_SIZE;for (int i = 1; i < snakeLength; i++) {snakeX[i] = snakeX[0] - i * GRID_SIZE;snakeY[i] = snakeY[0];}// 生成第一个食物generateFood();// 定时器：控制游戏刷新频率timer = new Timer(SPEED, this);timer.start();
}// 生成食物（随机位置，不与蛇身重叠）
private void generateFood() {// 食物坐标必须是格子的整数倍foodX = random.nextInt(GRID_COUNT) * GRID_SIZE;foodY = random.nextInt(GRID_COUNT) * GRID_SIZE;// 检查食物是否落在蛇身上，是则重新生成for (int i = 0; i < snakeLength; i++) {if (snakeX[i] == foodX && snakeY[i] == foodY) {generateFood();break;}}
}// 绘制游戏画面（重写JFrame的paint方法）
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {super.paint(g);// 1. 绘制背景（黑色）g.setColor(Color.BLACK);g.fillRect(0, 0, GRID_SIZE * GRID_COUNT, GRID_SIZE * GRID_COUNT);// 2. 绘制蛇（绿色）g.setColor(Color.GREEN);for (int i = 0; i < snakeLength; i++) {g.fillRect(snakeX[i], snakeY[i], GRID_SIZE - 1, GRID_SIZE - 1); // 减1避免蛇身粘连}// 3. 绘制食物（红色）g.setColor(Color.RED);g.fillRect(foodX, foodY, GRID_SIZE - 1, GRID_SIZE - 1);// 4. 游戏结束提示if (!isRunning) {g.setColor(Color.WHITE);g.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 20));g.drawString("游戏结束！得分：" + (snakeLength - 3), GRID_SIZE * GRID_COUNT / 6, GRID_SIZE * GRID_COUNT / 2);}
}// 蛇的移动逻辑
private void moveSnake() {// 1. 蛇身跟随头部移动（从后往前更新坐标）for (int i = snakeLength - 1; i > 0; i--) {snakeX[i] = snakeX[i - 1];snakeY[i] = snakeY[i - 1];}// 2. 根据方向更新蛇头坐标switch (direction) {case "UP":snakeY[0] -= GRID_SIZE;break;case "DOWN":snakeY[0] += GRID_SIZE;break;case "LEFT":snakeX[0] -= GRID_SIZE;break;case "RIGHT":snakeX[0] += GRID_SIZE;break;}// 3. 检测是否吃到食物（蛇头与食物坐标重合）if (snakeX[0] == foodX && snakeY[0] == foodY) {snakeLength++; // 蛇身变长generateFood(); // 重新生成食物}// 4. 检测游戏结束条件checkGameOver();
}// 检测游戏结束（撞墙/咬到自己）
private void checkGameOver() {// 撞墙：蛇头超出网格边界if (snakeX[0] < 0 || snakeX[0] >= GRID_SIZE * GRID_COUNT ||snakeY[0] < 0 || snakeY[0] >= GRID_SIZE * GRID_COUNT) {isRunning = false;timer.stop();}// 咬到自己：蛇头与蛇身坐标重合for (int i = 1; i < snakeLength; i++) {if (snakeX[0] == snakeX[i] && snakeY[0] == snakeY[i]) {isRunning = false;timer.stop();break;}}
}// 键盘监听：控制蛇的方向（避免180度反向）
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {int key = e.getKeyCode();switch (key) {case KeyEvent.VK_UP:if (!direction.equals("DOWN")) direction = "UP";break;case KeyEvent.VK_DOWN:if (!direction.equals("UP")) direction = "DOWN";break;case KeyEvent.VK_LEFT:if (!direction.equals("RIGHT")) direction = "LEFT";break;case KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT:if (!direction.equals("LEFT")) direction = "RIGHT";break;}
}// 定时器触发：每帧执行移动和重绘
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {if (isRunning) {moveSnake();repaint(); // 重绘画面}
}// 以下两个方法为KeyListener接口必填（无需实现）
@Override
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {}
@Override
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {}// 主方法：启动游戏
public static void main(String[] args) {//  Swing 建议在EDT（事件调度线程）中创建界面SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> {SnakeGame game = new SnakeGame();game.setVisible(true); // 显示窗口});
}

}

游戏说明

1. 运行方式：