应用安全 --- IDAPro脚本 之 导出函数引用数据
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ IDA Pro 9.3 Script - Extract Function Referenced Data Regions 输出格式：IDA LST 风格（.rdata:XXXXXXXX db/dq/...）Usage: 运行脚本后，通过对话框输入函数名称或地址 """ import idaapi import idautils import idc import ida_bytes import ida_segment import ida_name import ida_funcs import ida_xref import os import json import struct import re import bisect from collections import OrderedDict, Counter# ==================== 配置区域 ==================== OUTPUT_DIR = "" # 输出目录，为空则使用IDB所在目录 OUTPUT_FORMAT = "lst" # "lst" | "json" | "binary" | "all" MAX_DATA_SIZE = 0x100000 # 单块数据最大读取限制 (1MB) FOLLOW_POINTERS = True # 是否跟踪指针指向的数据 MAX_DEPTH = 2 # 指针跟踪深度 LST_BYTES_PER_LINE = 16 # lst 格式每行 hex dump 宽度（仅影响 unknown 块） # ==================================================# ======================================================== # 兼容层：判断是否 64 位 # ======================================================== def is_64bit():try:import ida_idareturn ida_ida.inf_is_64bit()except (ImportError, AttributeError):passtry:return idaapi.get_inf_structure().is_64bit()except AttributeError:passtry:return idc.get_inf_attr(idc.INF_LFLAGS) & 0x0002 != 0except Exception:passreturn False# ======================================================== # 日志 # ======================================================== def log(msg, level="INFO"):prefix = {"INFO": "[*]", "OK": "[+]", "WARN": "[!]", "ERROR": "[-]"}.get(level, "[?]")print(f"{prefix} {msg}")# ======================================================== # 输出目录 # ======================================================== def get_output_dir():d = OUTPUT_DIR if OUTPUT_DIR else os.path.dirname(idc.get_idb_path())os.makedirs(d, exist_ok=True)return d# ======================================================== # 段属性工具 # ======================================================== DATA_SEG_NAMES = {".data", ".rdata", ".rodata", ".bss", ".idata", ".edata",".tls", ".rsrc", ".got", ".got.plt", ".init_array", ".fini_array","DATA", "BSS", }def is_data_segment(seg):if seg is None:return Falseif seg.type in (idaapi.SEG_DATA, idaapi.SEG_BSS,idaapi.SEG_NULL, idaapi.SEG_UNDF):return Truesname = ida_segment.get_segm_name(seg).lower()return any(sname.startswith(n.lower()) for n in DATA_SEG_NAMES)def is_code_segment(seg):return seg is not None and seg.type == idaapi.SEG_CODE# ======================================================== # 数据类型判断 # ======================================================== def determine_data_type(flags):if ida_bytes.is_byte(flags): return "byte"if ida_bytes.is_word(flags): return "word"if ida_bytes.is_dword(flags): return "dword"if ida_bytes.is_qword(flags): return "qword"if ida_bytes.is_strlit(flags): return "string"if ida_bytes.is_struct(flags): return "struct"if ida_bytes.is_float(flags): return "float"if ida_bytes.is_double(flags): return "double"if ida_bytes.is_align(flags): return "align"if ida_bytes.is_code(flags): return "code"return "unknown"def ida_known_item_size(ea):flags = ida_bytes.get_flags(ea)dtype = determine_data_type(flags)if dtype in ("byte", "word", "dword", "qword","float", "double", "string", "struct", "align"):sz = idc.get_item_size(ea)if sz and sz > 0:return sz, Trueif dtype == "code":return 0, Falsesz = idc.get_item_size(ea)if sz and sz > 0:return sz, Falsereturn 0, False# ======================================================== # 智能数据边界 # ======================================================== def compute_data_size(ea, all_known_eas, seg):sz, reliable = ida_known_item_size(ea)if reliable and sz > 0:return sz, "ida_defined"next_anchor = _find_next_anchor(ea, all_known_eas, seg)if next_anchor is not None and next_anchor > ea:return min(next_anchor - ea, MAX_DATA_SIZE), f"inferred_to_next(0x{next_anchor:X})"if seg:remaining = seg.end_ea - eacapped = min(remaining, MAX_DATA_SIZE)if capped > 0:return capped, "segment_end"return 1, "fallback_1byte"def _find_next_anchor(ea, all_known_eas, seg):candidates = []idx = bisect.bisect_right(all_known_eas, ea)if idx < len(all_known_eas):candidates.append(all_known_eas[idx])nh = idc.next_head(ea + 1, idaapi.BADADDR)if nh and nh != idaapi.BADADDR:candidates.append(nh)next_named = ida_name.get_next_name_ea(ea)if next_named and next_named != idaapi.BADADDR:candidates.append(next_named)seg_end = seg.end_ea if seg else idaapi.BADADDRif seg:candidates.append(seg_end)candidates = [c for c in candidates if ea < c <= seg_end]return min(candidates) if candidates else None# ======================================================== # 安全读取 # ======================================================== def read_safe(ea, size):if size <= 0:return b""data = ida_bytes.get_bytes(ea, min(size, MAX_DATA_SIZE))return bytes(data) if data else b""def get_string_at(ea):str_type = idc.get_str_type(ea)if str_type is None or str_type < 0:str_type = idc.STRTYPE_Cs = idc.get_strlit_contents(ea, -1, str_type)if s is None:return Nonetry:return s.decode("utf-8", errors="replace")except Exception:return repr(s)# ======================================================== # ★ IDA LST 风格渲染核心 # ========================================================def _fmt_addr(ea, seg_name, addr_width):"""生成 '.rdata:0000000140928A80' 风格的地址前缀"""return f"{seg_name}:{ea:0{addr_width}X}"def _ascii_char(b):if 0x20 <= b < 0x7F and b != ord("'"):return chr(b)return Nonedef _render_string_literal(raw: bytes) -> str:"""把字节序列渲染成 IDA 风格字符串，例如 'hello',0"""parts = []i = 0while i < len(raw):b = raw[i]if b == 0:# 终结符单独列出parts.append("0")i += 1continuech = _ascii_char(b)if ch:# 尽量合并连续可打印字符run = []while i < len(raw) and _ascii_char(raw[i]) is not None:run.append(_ascii_char(raw[i]))i += 1parts.append(f"'{''.join(run)}'")else:parts.append(f"{b:02X}h")i += 1return ", ".join(parts)def render_ida_lst_entry(entry: dict, addr_width: int = 16) -> list:""" 将单个 entry 渲染为若干行 IDA LST 风格字符串。返回 list[str]，每个元素是一行（不含换行符）。""" ea = entry["ea_int"]seg_name = entry["segment"]dtype = entry["type"]name = entry["name"]raw = bytes(entry["data_bytes"])size = len(raw)from_ea = entry["from_ea"]depth = entry["depth"]ptr_size = 8 if is_64bit() else 4lines = []addr_prefix = _fmt_addr(ea, seg_name, addr_width)# ---------- 注释头：名称 + xref ----------comment_parts = []if from_ea and from_ea != "N/A":comment_parts.append(f"DATA XREF: {from_ea}")if depth > 0:comment_parts.append(f"depth={depth}")if entry.get("ptr_chain"):comment_parts.append("chain: " + " -> ".join(entry["ptr_chain"]))# ---------- 按类型生成主体行 ----------def one_line(addr, mnemonic, operand, comment=""):pfx = _fmt_addr(addr, seg_name, addr_width)cmt = f" ; {comment}" if comment else ""# IDA 风格：地址(20) 名称/标签 助记符 操作数return f"{pfx} {mnemonic:<6} {operand}{cmt}"# --- 名称行（如果有 label）---if name:label_line = f"{addr_prefix} {name}"# 追加 xref 注释if comment_parts:label_line += f" ; {'; '.join(comment_parts)}"lines.append(label_line)# 之后的数据行不再重复注释comment_parts = []cmt_suffix = ("; " + "; ".join(comment_parts)) if comment_parts else ""# ===== qword（指针/偏移）=====if dtype == "qword" and size >= 8:# 尝试识别为 offsetval = struct.unpack_from("<Q", raw[:8])[0]target_name = ida_name.get_name(val) if val else ""if target_name:operand = f"offset {target_name}"else:operand = f"{val:016X}h"lines.append(one_line(ea, "dq", operand, cmt_suffix.lstrip("; ")))# 剩余字节逐字节输出for i in range(8, size):lines.append(one_line(ea + i, "db", f"{raw[i]:3d} ; {raw[i]:02X}h"))return lines# ===== dword =====if dtype == "dword" and size >= 4:val = struct.unpack_from("<I", raw[:4])[0]lines.append(one_line(ea, "dd", f"{val:08X}h", cmt_suffix.lstrip("; ")))for i in range(4, size):lines.append(one_line(ea + i, "db", f"{raw[i]:3d} ; {raw[i]:02X}h"))return lines# ===== word =====if dtype == "word" and size >= 2:val = struct.unpack_from("<H", raw[:2])[0]lines.append(one_line(ea, "dw", f"{val:04X}h", cmt_suffix.lstrip("; ")))for i in range(2, size):lines.append(one_line(ea + i, "db", f"{raw[i]:3d} ; {raw[i]:02X}h"))return lines# ===== byte =====if dtype == "byte" and size == 1:b = raw[0]ch = _ascii_char(b)operand = f"{b:3d} ; {b:02X}h" + (f" '{ch}'" if ch else "")lines.append(one_line(ea, "db", operand, cmt_suffix.lstrip("; ")))return lines# ===== string =====if dtype == "string":sv = entry.get("string_value") or ""# 第一行：db 字符串内容，注释写原始字符串str_repr = _render_string_literal(raw)preview = sv[:60].replace("\n", "\\n") if sv else raw[:60].hex()lines.append(one_line(ea, "db", str_repr, f'"{preview}"'))return lines# ===== float =====if dtype == "float" and size >= 4:val = struct.unpack_from("<f", raw[:4])[0]lines.append(one_line(ea, "dd", f"{val} ; float", cmt_suffix.lstrip("; ")))return lines# ===== double =====if dtype == "double" and size >= 8:val = struct.unpack_from("<d", raw[:8])[0]lines.append(one_line(ea, "dq", f"{val} ; double", cmt_suffix.lstrip("; ")))return lines# ===== align =====if dtype == "align":lines.append(one_line(ea, "align", str(size), cmt_suffix.lstrip("; ")))return lines# ===== unknown / struct / code / fallback =====# 逐字节输出，每 16 字节一段加 ASCII 注释（模拟 hex dump）first = Truefor i in range(0, size):b = raw[i]ch = _ascii_char(b)cmt = f"{b:02X}h" + (f" '{ch}'" if ch else "")# 第一行附加 xref 注释if first and cmt_suffix:cmt = cmt + " " + cmt_suffixfirst = Falselines.append(one_line(ea + i, "db", f"{b:3d}", cmt))return linesdef build_lst_text(collected: OrderedDict, func_ea: int, func_name: str) -> str:""" 把所有 entry 按地址分组（同一段连续），生成完整的 LST 文本。""" addr_width = 16 if is_64bit() else 8ptr_size = 8 if is_64bit() else 4out = []out.append("; =" * 35)out.append(f"; Function Data Extraction — {func_name} @ 0x{func_ea:X}")out.append(f"; Entries: {len(collected)} PtrSize: {ptr_size*8}-bit")out.append("; =" * 35)out.append("")cur_seg = Nonefor entry in collected.values():seg_name = entry["segment"]# 换段时插入段分隔注释if seg_name != cur_seg:if cur_seg is not None:out.append("")out.append(f"; {'─'*66}")out.append(f"; Segment: {seg_name}")out.append(f"; {'─'*66}")cur_seg = seg_name# 渲染该条目entry_lines = render_ida_lst_entry(entry, addr_width)out.extend(entry_lines)out.append("")out.append("; end of extraction")return "\n".join(out)# ======================================================== # 函数解析：支持名称或地址输入 # ======================================================== def resolve_function(input_str):s = input_str.strip()if not s:return None, "输入为空"func_ea = Nonecandidate = Nonetry:if s.lower().startswith("0x"):candidate = int(s, 16)elif re.fullmatch(r"[0-9a-fA-F]{4,}", s):candidate = int(s, 16)else:candidate = int(s, 0)except ValueError:candidate = Noneif candidate is not None:f = ida_funcs.get_func(candidate)if f is not None:func_ea = f.start_ealog(f"地址 0x{candidate:X} -> 函数 0x{func_ea:X}")else:log(f"0x{candidate:X} 不在已知函数内，尝试按名称查找...", "WARN")if func_ea is None:name_ea = ida_name.get_name_ea(idaapi.BADADDR, s)if name_ea not in (idaapi.BADADDR, 0):f = ida_funcs.get_func(name_ea)if f is not None:func_ea = f.start_ealog(f"名称 '{s}' -> 函数 0x{func_ea:X}")else:return None, f"名称 '{s}' 对应地址 0x{name_ea:X} 不在任何函数内"else:log(f"精确名称未找到，模糊匹配 '{s}'...", "WARN")matches = [(f_ea, ida_name.get_name(f_ea) or "")for f_ea in idautils.Functions()if s.lower() in (ida_name.get_name(f_ea) or "").lower()]if len(matches) == 1:func_ea = matches[0][0]log(f"模糊匹配: {matches[0][1]} @ 0x{func_ea:X}", "OK")elif len(matches) > 1:show = matches[:10]log(f"模糊匹配到 {len(matches)} 个:", "WARN")for i, (mea, mn) in enumerate(show):log(f" [{i}] {mn} @ 0x{mea:X}")choice = idaapi.ask_str("0", 0,f"找到 {len(matches)} 个，输入序号 (0~{len(show)-1}):")if choice is None:return None, "用户取消"try:idx = int(choice.strip())if 0 <= idx < len(show):func_ea = show[idx][0]else:return None, f"序号 {idx} 超出范围"except ValueError:return None, f"无效序号: {choice}"else:return None, f"未找到包含 '{s}' 的函数"if func_ea is None:return None, f"无法解析: '{s}'"return func_ea, ""# ======================================================== # 收集函数引用数据 # ======================================================== def collect_function_refs(func_ea, follow_ptrs=True, max_depth=MAX_DEPTH):raw_refs = {}visited_code = set()pending_ptrs = []func = ida_funcs.get_func(func_ea)if func is None:log(f"无法获取函数: 0x{func_ea:X}", "ERROR")return OrderedDict()func_name = ida_name.get_name(func_ea) or f"sub_{func_ea:X}"log(f"分析函数: {func_name} @ 0x{func_ea:X}")ptr_size = 8 if is_64bit() else 4ptr_fmt = "<Q" if ptr_size == 8 else "<I"all_insn_eas = []for chunk_start, chunk_end in idautils.Chunks(func_ea):ea = chunk_startwhile ea < chunk_end:all_insn_eas.append(ea)visited_code.add(ea)ea = idc.next_head(ea, chunk_end)log(f"函数共 {len(all_insn_eas)} 条指令")def record_ref(ref_ea, from_ea=None, depth=0, chain=None):if ref_ea in (0, idaapi.BADADDR):returnseg = ida_segment.getseg(ref_ea)if seg is None:returnif is_code_segment(seg) and ref_ea in visited_code:returnif ref_ea not in raw_refs:raw_refs[ref_ea] = {"from_ea": from_ea, "depth": depth, "chain": chain or []}log("--- 阶段1: DataRefsFrom ---")for insn_ea in all_insn_eas:for ref_ea in idautils.DataRefsFrom(insn_ea):record_ref(ref_ea, insn_ea, 0)log("--- 阶段2: 操作数解析 ---")for insn_ea in all_insn_eas:insn = idaapi.insn_t()if idaapi.decode_insn(insn, insn_ea) <= 0:continuefor op in insn.ops:if op.type == idaapi.o_void:breakref_ea = idaapi.BADADDRif op.type == idaapi.o_mem:ref_ea = op.addrelif op.type == idaapi.o_displ:ref_ea = op.addrelif op.type == idaapi.o_imm:cand = op.valueif cand > 0x1000:s = ida_segment.getseg(cand)if s and is_data_segment(s):ref_ea = candif ref_ea not in (0, idaapi.BADADDR):record_ref(ref_ea, insn_ea, 0)log("--- 阶段3: xref 补充 ---")for insn_ea in all_insn_eas:xref = ida_xref.xrefblk_t()ok = xref.first_from(insn_ea, ida_xref.XREF_DATA)while ok:record_ref(xref.to, insn_ea, 0)ok = xref.next_from()log(f"第一轮共发现 {len(raw_refs)} 个候选地址")log("--- 第二轮: 智能边界计算 + 数据读取 ---")sorted_eas = sorted(raw_refs.keys())collected = OrderedDict()def build_entry(ref_ea, meta):seg = ida_segment.getseg(ref_ea)if seg is None:return Noneflags = ida_bytes.get_flags(ref_ea)dtype = determine_data_type(flags)name = ida_name.get_name(ref_ea) or ""seg_name = ida_segment.get_segm_name(seg)size, size_method = compute_data_size(ref_ea, sorted_eas, seg)data_bytes = read_safe(ref_ea, size)actual_size = len(data_bytes)entry = {"ea": f"0x{ref_ea:X}","ea_int": ref_ea,"name": name,"segment": seg_name,"type": dtype,"size": actual_size,"size_method": size_method,"data_hex": data_bytes.hex(),"data_bytes": list(data_bytes),"from_ea": f"0x{meta['from_ea']:X}" if meta["from_ea"] else "N/A","depth": meta["depth"],"ptr_chain": meta["chain"],}if dtype == "string":entry["string_value"] = get_string_at(ref_ea)if actual_size >= ptr_size:try:entry["ptr_value"] = struct.unpack(ptr_fmt, data_bytes[:ptr_size])[0]except Exception:entry["ptr_value"] = 0else:entry["ptr_value"] = int.from_bytes(data_bytes, "little") if data_bytes else 0log(f" [D{meta['depth']}] 0x{ref_ea:X} | {seg_name:12s} | {dtype:8s} "f"| {actual_size:6d}B | [{size_method}] | {name or '<unnamed>'}")return entryfor ref_ea in sorted_eas:meta = raw_refs[ref_ea]entry = build_entry(ref_ea, meta)if entry:collected[ref_ea] = entryif follow_ptrs and meta["depth"] < max_depth:pv = entry["ptr_value"]if pv and pv != idaapi.BADADDR:pending_ptrs.append((pv, ref_ea, meta["depth"] + 1,meta["chain"] + [f"0x{ref_ea:X}"]))if follow_ptrs:log(f"--- 阶段4: 指针追踪 (最大深度={max_depth}) ---")processed = set()while pending_ptrs:ptr_ea, from_ea, depth, chain = pending_ptrs.pop(0)if ptr_ea in processed or ptr_ea in collected:continueprocessed.add(ptr_ea)seg = ida_segment.getseg(ptr_ea)if seg is None:continueif is_code_segment(seg) and ptr_ea in visited_code:continuebisect.insort(sorted_eas, ptr_ea)raw_refs[ptr_ea] = {"from_ea": from_ea, "depth": depth, "chain": chain}meta = raw_refs[ptr_ea]entry = build_entry(ptr_ea, meta)if entry:collected[ptr_ea] = entryif depth < max_depth:pv = entry["ptr_value"]if pv and pv != idaapi.BADADDR:pending_ptrs.append((pv, ptr_ea, depth + 1,chain + [f"0x{ptr_ea:X}"]))log(f"共收集 {len(collected)} 个数据条目")return OrderedDict(sorted(collected.items()))# ======================================================== # 统计 # ======================================================== def print_statistics(collected):type_cnt = Counter(e["type"] for e in collected.values())seg_cnt = Counter(e["segment"] for e in collected.values())total_b = sum(e["size"] for e in collected.values())log("=" * 60)log(f" 总条目数: {len(collected)} 总数据量: {total_b} bytes ({total_b/1024:.2f} KB)")log(" 类型: " + " ".join(f"{t}×{c}" for t, c in type_cnt.most_common()))log(" 段: " + " ".join(f"{s}×{c}" for s, c in seg_cnt.most_common()))log("=" * 60)# ======================================================== # 保存文件 # ======================================================== def save_outputs(func_ea, collected, out_dir):func_name = ida_name.get_name(func_ea) or f"sub_{func_ea:X}"safe_name = "".join(c if c.isalnum() or c in "-_." else "_" for c in func_name)base = os.path.join(out_dir, f"funcdata_{safe_name}_0x{func_ea:X}")saved = []# ---- LST（默认/主要格式）----if OUTPUT_FORMAT in ("lst", "all"):path = base + ".lst"text = build_lst_text(collected, func_ea, func_name)with open(path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:f.write(text)saved.append(path)log(f"LST 已保存: {path}", "OK")# ---- JSON ----if OUTPUT_FORMAT in ("json", "all"):path = base + ".json"export = {"meta": {"func_ea": f"0x{func_ea:X}","func_name": func_name,"entry_count": len(collected),"ida_version": idaapi.get_kernel_version(),"ptr_size": 8 if is_64bit() else 4,},"entries": [{k: v for k, v in e.items() if k != "ea_int"}for e in collected.values()]}with open(path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:json.dump(export, f, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False)saved.append(path)log(f"JSON 已保存: {path}", "OK")# ---- Binary ----if OUTPUT_FORMAT in ("binary", "all"):path = base + ".bin"MAGIC, VER = b"FDAT", 2entries = list(collected.values())parts = [struct.pack("<4sII", MAGIC, VER, len(entries))]for e in entries:raw = bytes(e["data_bytes"])name_b = e["name"].encode("utf-8") if e["name"] else b""parts.append(struct.pack("<QII", e["ea_int"], len(raw), len(name_b)))parts.append(name_b)parts.append(raw)blob = b"".join(parts)with open(path, "wb") as f:f.write(blob)saved.append(path)log(f"BIN 已保存: {path} ({len(blob)} bytes)", "OK")return saved# ======================================================== # 批量处理 # ======================================================== def process_batch(input_list):results = {}for item in input_list:log(f"\n{'='*60}\n处理: {item}")func_ea, err = resolve_function(item)if func_ea is None:log(f"跳过 '{item}': {err}", "WARN")results[item] = {"status": "failed", "error": err}continuecollected = collect_function_refs(func_ea,follow_ptrs=FOLLOW_POINTERS,max_depth=MAX_DEPTH)if not collected:results[item] = {"status": "empty", "func_ea": func_ea}continueprint_statistics(collected)saved = save_outputs(func_ea, collected, get_output_dir())results[item] = {"status": "ok", "func_ea": func_ea,"entries": len(collected), "files": saved}return results# ======================================================== # 主入口 # ======================================================== def main():log("=" * 60)log(f"IDA Pro 9.3 - Function Data Extractor v4 "f"({'64' if is_64bit() else '32'}-bit)")log(f"输出格式: {OUTPUT_FORMAT}")log("=" * 60)cur_ea = idc.get_screen_ea()cur_func = ida_funcs.get_func(cur_ea)default = (ida_name.get_name(cur_func.start_ea) or f"0x{cur_func.start_ea:X}"if cur_func else f"0x{cur_ea:X}")user_input = idaapi.ask_str(default, 0,"输入函数名称或地址（多个目标用逗号分隔）\n""示例: main, 0x401000, sub_402ABC")if user_input is None:log("已取消", "WARN"); returntargets = [t.strip() for t in re.split(r"[,;\n]+", user_input) if t.strip()]if not targets:log("未输入任何目标", "WARN"); returnlog(f"待处理 {len(targets)} 个: {targets}")if len(targets) == 1:func_ea, err = resolve_function(targets[0])if func_ea is None:log(f"解析失败: {err}", "ERROR"); returncollected = collect_function_refs(func_ea,follow_ptrs=FOLLOW_POINTERS,max_depth=MAX_DEPTH)if not collected:log("未找到任何数据引用", "WARN"); returnprint_statistics(collected)out_dir = get_output_dir()saved = save_outputs(func_ea, collected, out_dir)log("=" * 60)log(f"完成！输出目录: {out_dir}", "OK")for p in saved:log(f" {p}", "OK")log("=" * 60)else:results = process_batch(targets)log("\n" + "=" * 60 + "\n批量汇总:")for target, r in results.items():status = r["status"]if status == "ok":log(f" [OK] {target:30s} -> {r['entries']} 条", "OK")elif status == "empty":log(f" [空] {target:30s} -> 无数据引用", "WARN")else:log(f" [ERR] {target:30s} -> {r.get('error','?')}", "ERROR")log("=" * 60)if __name__ == "__main__":main()
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